I am going to guess that satellites and submarines have already done this.
Carriers are just so big that I don't think it is possible for any nation with routine access to space to "lose track" of a carrier, much less a carrier group.
Read up on the Falkland Islands war. This was 32 years ago, but Argentina was unwilling to lose any more ships after the first major sinking and kept them all in port. Even then, if a major power knew where your ships were, they were toast.
Carriers are useful to project power against smaller nations, but not major powers.
Do read up on the Malvinas War. Two Brit nuclear boats managed to lose the Argi carrier, and despite satellite assist couldn’t reacquire it.
Yet the Brits would have lost the Falkland campaign without fleet fix wing aviation. Carriers will be obsolete when having air superiority over huge swaths of ocean becomes obsolete.