This crazy thing we call computers is getting interesting....
Something like that would not be detectable in the standard ways that we deal with software on our computers. This would be highly specialized and outside of any standard operation of computers that we’re used to.
This sounds like job for, Steve Gibson.
I guess hes still around...
Kaspersky is probably the very best virus lab in the world - No doubt being able to detect the bug is possible (and already accomplished, or they would not have in-the-wild statistics)... But hard drive firmware (and BIOS, modem, network,and video firmware) is normally not repairable without obtaining the specific software for the specific device and manually flashing (reloading/overwriting) the specific device. Not something for your average user, but any reasonably adept service tech could handle the job.
One might note that this entire problem is fixed just simply by designing the hardware to be unable to physically accept firmware revision without manually setting a jumper... A security oversight in favor of convenience, I suppose.