Not exactly, but the extreme lean running engine will lack power and consume metals in the combustion chamber, burning valves and piston tops. Probably the best companion to lean-burn is water injection.
Carburetors are inherently inefficient, followed by the central intake manifold with unequal length runners. The best setup would be one small carb per cylinder, each with a long runner...and a way to heat the runners for vaporization.
It's true that fuel vapors burn better than atomized liquid, but the folly of the myth can be easily proven by asking the driver of a propane vehicle what he gets for mileage. That rig, of course, is a true vapor carburetor. If the allegation were true, he should be getting hundreds of miles per gallon.
The best fuel economy and performance can be achieved with a properly matched small displacement turbo engine. It will produce the power and torque when needed, and then revert to a small-displacement fuel miser once cruising speed is reached.