Popos can easily have a pen and a phone too.
WTF
Consent was granted, State law protected the cop for the initial stop, and the appeal process “fixed” the brake light charge. The coke charge stood. Chalk this up to one idiotic citizen oblivious to her Fourth Amendment protections.
On point, yes this was definitely excessive force, but when stopped a person needs to be aware of the cop’s prerogative/unpredictability. Cops kind of get nervous when occupants in a vehicle decide to take charge of the situation rather than staying in the vehicle patiently waiting for instructions from the cop.