More details from the NY Times
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/05/us/05immig.html?_r=0
The question in the case was whether workers who use fake identification numbers to commit some other crimes must know they belong to a real person to be subject to a two-year sentence extension for aggravated identity theft.
The answer, the Supreme Court said, is yes.
Prosecutors had used the threat of that punishment to persuade illegal workers to plead guilty to lesser charges of document fraud.
The courts ruling preserves basic ideals of fairness for some of our societys most vulnerable workers, said Chuck Roth, litigation director at the National Immigrant Justice Center in Chicago. An immigrant who uses a false Social Security number to get a job doesnt intend to harm anyone, and it makes no sense to spend our tax dollars to imprison them for two years.
Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. said in a concurring opinion that a central flaw in the interpretation of the law urged by the government was that it made criminal liability turn on chance. Consider, Justice Alito said, a defendant who chooses a Social Security number at random.
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I truly didn’t know bank robbery was illegal so therefore I am innocent.