Its recognized by having a basic understanding of the relationships between numbers, decimal places and sets, etc. The problem is not what CC is trying to teach, but the teaching approach. There is no magic bullet shortcut. Learn the basics and this stuff is simple. Unfortunately, CC skips the basics and over-complicates the rest.
To my old school thinking, it (114) is recognized by determining the difference between 9,886 and 10,000, which we called subtraction.
One of my kids was struggling with h.s. physics, and asked me for help. She told me how the teacher told them how to solve, which confused me. I showed her my old school way (creating and reducing equivalencies to solve for the unknown) and got the correct answer quickly. She did several more my way and got the correct answer. Then she said "That's too easy!
Our education industry is just that, and is creating puffery to require and create more of itself.