Perhaps. Perhaps not. I think these people that shot down this plane were less trained or they would have not shot down a passenger plane. Better trained people would not have screwed up like that and there is nothing for them to gain by shooting down a commercial airliner and they now expose themselves to being hassled big time.
Russia has nothing to gain itself by shooting down a commercial airliner. More likely it was rebels armed by Russia
But Russia has everything to gain from the closing of the east-west air corridor over Ukraine which has already happened because of the shootdown.