“Until you get quantum computation, which breaks those rules.”
Only in adventure/spy novels and movies.
Well, quantum computers have been extraordinarily difficult and costly things to lash together, but they are being assembled now by US gummit researchers. They are fantastic at searching enormous search spaces because they can represent 2 raised to the number of bits in the CPU possibilities simultaneously. It’s like being able to get an excursion into that many alternative universes. The thermodynamics of your old fashioned von Neumann computations do not apply here.