Is the term "person" used in the Constitution statutory or biological?
In the strictest sense it is both statutory and biological, the Constitution being the supreme law of the land, and human persons being what they are by nature.
And in the portions of the Constitution under discussion here they weren't talking about corporations, no matter how the relations between the law and corporate entities might have been later constructed or construed.
"The public good is in nothing more essentially interested than in the protection of every individual's private rights.""Those rights, then, which God and nature have established, and are therefore called natural rights, such as life and liberty, need not the aid of human laws to be more effectually invested in every man than they are; neither do they receive any additional strength when declared by the municipal laws to be inviolate. On the contrary, no human legislature has power to abridge or destroy them, unless the owner shall himself commit some act that amounts to a forfeiture."
-- William Blackstone