Once upon a time, individual health insurance policies were underwritten very much like auto insurance:
Auto insurance is based on the Year, Make & model of the vehicle and health questionnaires and/or medical exams were required before issuing a policy.
Medical coverage excluded pre-existing conditions( prior damage), cosmetic surgery (custom paint jobs), pregnancy (reckless behavior) and old age (worn out brakes).
So there are some parallels.
Another point. When HMOs first came out, they were very popular, and very affordable. It represented a quantum leap forward in health care coverage, and controlling costs. They offered several plans, with different levels of coverage, and at differetn rates. What destroyed the HMO were the state legislatures that “mandated” that these plans must include all these additional features, like second opinions, maternity, chiropractic, additional days in hospital...etc. etc...there’s a huge list...and the companies had to raise premiums through the roof..