39th Congress..debating giving citizenship after War Between the States
“There is another class of persons well recognized, not only in our constitutional history, but also by the laws of nations, who are not foreigners, who occupy an intermediate position, and that intermediate position is defined by the laws of nations by the word ‘ subjects.’
“intermediate”..this throws out subjects equal to natural born citizens...
That is begging the question,” Mr. Clark replied.
” I wanted to find why a negro was not a citizen, if the gentleman would tell me. If he would lay down his definition, I wanted to see whether the negro did not comply with it and conform to it, so as to be a citizen; but he insists that he is not a citizen.”
” I will answer that question, if the honorable Senator will permit me,” said Mr. Davis.
” Government is a political partnership. No persons but the partners who formed the partnership are parties to the government. Here, is a government formed by the white man alone. The negro was excluded from the formation of our political partnership; he had nothing to do with it; he had nothing to do in its formation.”
“Is it a close corporation, so that new partners can not be added ?” asked Mr. Stewart, of Nevada.
” Yes, sir,” said Mr. Davis; “ it is a close white corporation. You may bring all of Europe, but none of Asia and none of Africa into our partnership.”
39th Congress debates.
“intermediate”..this throws out subjects equal to natural born citizens...
Interestingly enough the subject, spoken of by Rep. Shellabarger (Ohio), also did not owe allegiance to any foreign nation:
” Now, then, to that class belong the persons who are naturalized by this bill. If they were not, indeed, citizens hitherto, they were at least subjects of this Government, by reason of their birth, and by reason of the fact that they owed no foreign allegiance.
” That brings me to the next remark, and it is this: that these subjects, not owing any foreign allegiance, no individual act of theirs is required in order to their naturalization, because they owe no foreign allegiance to be renounced by their individual acts,
” That being proved, it is competent for the nationality, or for the government, wherever that subject may-reside, to naturalize that class of persons by treaty or by general law, as is proposed by the amendment of the gentleman from New York [Mr. Raymond]. It is the act of the sovereign alone that is requisite to the naturalization of that class of persons, and it may be done either by a single act naturalizing entire races of men, or by adopting the heads of families out of those races, or it may be done to any extent, greater or less, that may please the sovereign.
And this brings us back to the part of the 14th the drones like to negate as irrelevant or by obfuscating its meaning. They say it means being born within the borders/boundaries/limits but it does NOT according to the 39th Congress. There are “limits” AND “Jurisdiction”. NOT limits as jurisdictions:
He(Mr Rogers, NY) was in favor of the first part of the bill, which declares “who shall be citizens of the United States, and declares that all shall be citizens without distinction of race, color, or previous condition of servitude, who are, have been, or shall be born within the limits and jurisdiction of the United States.
AS we have been saying...jurisdiction means NOT owing allegiance to any foreign sovereignty.