[alstewartfan]

I would say, AMD, that He created organisms out of existing elements, which in turn came from God's will out of nothing, as we would understand it. At which point He willed any or all of the myriad creatures into existence is uncertain. But I do not believe that there ever existed a time in which birds could not fly, insects did not pollinate, mammals did not perform intercourse as we know it today, nor one in which spiders could not spin webs. The entire fossil record reveals *completed* species.
Also, I do not believe in a “randomness” of God's design. God-created forces, and free will among creatures, does produce randomness to an extent unknown to me, however. Cordially, Bob

[allmendream]

If you do not believe in any randomness incorporated into God's design then you reject numerous observations of how reality unfolds at the quantum, atomic, and biological level.

Of course the fossil record reveals completed species. Every species between a toe walking animal to a three pronged hoofed animal to a fused hoof animal was a full and complete species, how could they be anything else? And yet the fossil record clearly shows that hoofed animals are a recent innovation.

Are you suggesting that fused hoof animals have been around from the beginning but nobody noticed? Or that God created fused hoofed animals from raw materials in the more recent past, rather than creating them from a three pronged hoofed animal?