>>But Christian literalists defended their Geocentricity with that scripture. What mechanism convinced the Christian world that this particular interpretation was in error?<<
I believe it was that the non geo-centric model made useful predictions that were important.
Data convinced people, good God fearing Christian people, that a literlist interpretation of Psalm 104:5 was in error.
Now nearly everyone in the Christian world accepts that the Earth circles the Sun, and that Psalm 104:5 doesn't mean anything more than that God made the Earth a safe place for us, a secure foundation.