Those are two very different things.
Not really. Fog of war and all that.
Fog of war cannot be allowed to become an excuse for deliberately killing noncombatants ... it also cannot be allowed to become an excuse for hiding behind noncombatants. Absolute certainty is not possible, even for ground forces. In fact, I believe it's possible, in some cases, for aerial attack to be more proportionate and more discriminating than ground attack.