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To: Allan
Yes, indeed. The best place to look for the equipment needed is the recent paper jointly published by Dugway and CDC - where they simulated the spores used in the attacks. They added fumed silica (referencing but ignoring Beecher's paper which claimed the attack spores didn't use additives).

Here's how it was made:

http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a790515467

Dried BaS spores were produced as follows: Ten liter (L) fermentation vessels were seeded (5% V/V) with overnight nutrient broth cultures of BaS. Spores were grown inGmedium that consists of: yeast extract, 2.0 g L−1; NH4SO4, 2.0 g L−1; Dow antifoam 204, 0.3mLL−1;MgSO4·7H2O, 0.2 gL−1;MnSO4·H2O, 0.038 g L−1; ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.005 g L−1; CuSO4·5H2O, 0.005 g L−1; FeSO4·7H2O, 0.005 g L−1; CaCl2·2H2O, 0.25 g L−1; K2HPO4, 0.500 g L−1; glucose, 1.0 g L−1. The pH was adjusted to 7.0 ± 0.1 and the glucose was added separately as a sterile solution after autoclaving. The culture was incubated at 30◦C in a 10 L fermentation vessel with an agitation rate of 250 RPM and an aeration rate greater than 0.5 volumes min−1. Sporulationwas generally complete within 24 h.

Spores were collected by simple centrifugation to remove spent media. The pelleted material was dried by a proprietary azeotropic method. Ten percent (by weight) of an amorphous silica-based flow enhancer was added to the dried spores. The dried material was milled using an exclusionary ball mill. In this process the material passed through a series of stages separated by increasingly finer mesh screens. In each stage 0.01 m diameter steel balls forced the product through the screen separators. A pneumatic vibrator actuated the entire mill.
230 posted on 08/18/2008 5:47:24 AM PDT by TrebleRebel
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To: Allan; Shermy; jpl

Notice that in the Duway paper considerably more equipment is needed than a simple lypholizer. They don’t describe the propietary “azeotrpic distillation” technigue - something well beyond Ivin’s skill set. They also needed to use ball milling and a series of sieves. And, of course, they needed to add fumed silica.

Note that the recipe Dugway describe in their new paper sounds very similar to the failed “reverse enginneering” attempt the FBI asked Dugway to perform. Everything is identical - with one exception. They didn’t use silica in that attempt.
http://cryptome.org/anthrax-powder.htm
In December 2002, the FBI decided to test whether a high-grade anthrax powder resembling the one mailed to the Senate could be made on a small budget, and without silica. To do this job, the bureau called upon Army scientists at Dugway Proving Ground, a desolate Army test range in southwestern Utah. By February 2003, the scientists at Dugway had finished their work. According to military sources with firsthand knowledge of this effort, the resulting powder “flew like penguins.” The experiment had failed. (Penguins can’t fly.)

Military sources say that Dugway washed and centrifuged the material four times to create a pure spore preparation, then dried it by solvent extraction and azeotropic distillation —a process developed by the U.S. Chemical Corps at Fort Detrick in the late 1950s. It is not a simple method, but someone familiar with it might be able to jury-rig a lab to get the job done. As recently as 1996, Bill Patrick says he taught scientists at Dugway how to do this.

The FBI-Dugway effort produced a coarse powder. The spores—some dried under an infrared lamp and the others airdried —stuck together in little cakes, according to military sources, and then were sieved through “a fine steel mesh.” The resulting powder was placed into test tubes. When FBI officials arrived at Dugway to examine the results, a Dugway scientist shook one of the tubes. Unlike the electrostatically charged Senate anthrax spores that floated freely, the Dugway spores fell to the bottom of the test tube and stayed there. “That tells you the particles were too big,” says Spertzel. “It confirms what I’ve been saying all along: To make a good powder, you need an additive.”


231 posted on 08/18/2008 5:53:14 AM PDT by TrebleRebel
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