Riveters played a vital role in shipbuilding when Britains shipyards boomed as the Empire expanded and the Royal Navy dominated the seas. Riveting was the only method of fastening together the plates and frames of early iron and steel ships. It was a very laborious process and accounted for much of the banging and clattering associated with traditional shipbuilding.
About three million rivets were used to hold Titanic together. Rivets recovered from the wreck were apparently made of poor quality iron. One theory about the sinking claims that the impact with the iceberg caused the heads of the rivets to break off and sections of Titanic to break up. Better quality rivets, it is argued, may have prevented the ship sinking.
The most effective way of making rivet holes was with an hydraulic punch. By the 1870s such machines were capable of punching up to 30 holes a minute in half-inch thick plates. When riveting was done by hand, large shipyards such as Cammell Lairds employed more than 100 riveting squads, each with five men. They were:
The heater, usually the youngest of the team, who softened the rivets in a portable forge before picking them up with long-handled tongs and throwing them to
The catcher who caught the rivets in a tin then, with short-handled tongs, placed the rivets in the holes where they were held by
The holder up whose 14 lb hammer kept the rivets in place while they were hammered by
The riveters who worked in pairs with hammers weighing between three and five lbs to round over the ends of the rivets, thus fastening the plates together.
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My personal theory is she went down due to a failure to maintain bouyancey.