Differential Y-chromosome Anatolian Influences on the Greek and Cretan Neolithic
R. J. King11, S. S. Özcan22, T. Carter33, E. Kalfoğlu22, S. Atasoy22, C. Triantaphyllidis44, A. Kouvatsi44, A. A. Lin55, C-E. T. Chow55, L. A. Zhivotovsky66, M. Michalodimitrakis77 and P. A. Underhill5,*5
The earliest Neolithic sites of Europe are located in Crete and mainland Greece. A debate persists concerning whether these farmers originated in neighboring Anatolia and the role of maritime colonization. To address these issues 171 samples were collected from areas near three known early Neolithic settlements in Greece together with 193 samples from Crete. An analysis of Y-chromosome haplogroups determined that the samples from the Greek Neolithic sites showed strong affinity to Balkan data, while Crete shows affinity with central/Mediterranean Anatolia. Haplogroup J2b-M12 was frequent in Thessaly and Greek Macedonia while haplogroup J2a-M410 was scarce. Alternatively, Crete, like Anatolia showed a high frequency of J2a-M410 and a low frequency of J2b-M12. This dichotomy parallels archaeobotanical evidence, specifically that while bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is known from Neolithic Anatolia, Crete and southern Italy; it is absent from earliest Neolithic Greece. The expansion time of YSTR variation for haplogroup E3b1a2-V13, in the Peloponnese was consistent with an indigenous Mesolithic presence. In turn, two distinctive haplogroups, J2a1h-M319 and J2a1b1-M92, have demographic properties consistent with Bronze Age expansions in Crete, arguably from NW/W Anatolia and Syro-Palestine, while a later mainland (Mycenaean) contribution to Crete is indicated by relative frequencies of V13.
Differential Y-chromosome Anatolian Influences on the Greek and Cretan Neolithic
"The dating of the halogroup J2a1h-M319 in Crete is placed at 3100BC. The importance of these results in archeology is very valuable for the historians, since it marks the limits between the Neolithic and the broze age in Crete, which is related to a sequence of important changes in the organization of the social services, the demographics, the material culture, the technology, the iconography and the burial rites. Many researchers suggested that the arrival of the new settlers was responsible for those changes; a social/cultural ressurection from which the famous Minoan civilization rised. Those new impressive characteristics that are connected with the early bronze age in crete have been previously proposed to originate from Egypt, Libya, Syra, Palestine, eastern Aegean an Anatolia. Contrary to the theory that the minoan civilization was a result of settlers from Egypt and Libya, the majority of the halogroups e3b1-m78 is characterized from the monocleuid marker V13, in Crete and equally in the mainland of Greece. In the samples however from Egypt this marker was not found. This shows that there was no genetic contact between Egypt and Crete/Greek Mainland. In other words, the Helladic area was not invaded by Egyptian populations as the DNA analysis show, but by settlers from Anatolia. Those results disprove the Afrocentric theory or Black Athina, which was presented by some scientists of questionable nature."
As for trying to decypher the Minoan language, I say good luck with that, there is even less we know about the ancient Anatolian languages now long lost, then we do of Minoan.
Anatolia (Greek: Ανατολία, Anatolía) (Turkish: Anadolu) is a geographic region bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean Sea to the west, and the bulk of the Asian mainland to the east. The name Anatolia comes from the Greek Aνατολή (Αnatolí), "(sun)Rise," or Ανατολία (Anatolía), "(land) of the sunrise" or simply the "East."[1] It likely dates back at least 3000 years, from the Ionian settlement period circa the 1st millennium BC. (See also Ionian League). Because of its strategic location at the intersection of Asia and Europe, Anatolia has been the center of many civilizations since prehistoric times.
Anatolia composite:NASA
