The ACLU argument is a red-herring. It is WE THE PEOPLE who set the standards of our society. WE THE PEOPLE including the People of the State of Arizona sought to constrain the powers of the state, both Federal and State. The People of the State of Arizona formed a pact to constrain the powers of their state government in accordance with the limits of the US constitution. This has nothing to do with centralized government, your other red herring.
From the article you're embracing:
As the American Civil Liberties Union puts it, "There was no reason to suspect that a thirteen-year-old honor-roll student with a clean disciplinary record had adopted drug-smuggling practices associated with international narcotrafficking, or to suppose that other middle-school students would willingly consume ibuprofen that was stored in another student's crotch."
It is WE THE PEOPLE who set the standards of our society.
And you want the federal courts to take those local powers away.