I have a record player that can transfer audio directly to a computer to encode in either .WAV, .MP3 or .OGG audio formats. I found out that the best balance between sound quality and file size is 256 kbps data rate when encoding in .MP3 format with the LAME MP3 encoder.
I was recording wave files. Full data rate for CD, no compression. I think combining the weakness of vinyl, my player, the AD chip on my computer, and CD sample and bit rate lead to poor results, My conclusion, either listen to the vinyl or replace it with a professionaly created CD.
YMMV