"In Appendix D of my new book [Sewell, 2005], I take a closer look at the equations for entropy change, which apply not only to thermal entropy but also to the entropy associated with anything else that diffuses, and show that they do not simply say that order cannot increase in a closed system, they also say that in an open system, order cannot increase faster than it is imported through the boundary. According to these equations, the thermal order in an open system can decrease in two different ways -- it can be converted to disorder, or it can be exported through the boundary. It can increase in only one way: by importation through the boundary. Similarly, the increase in "carbon order" in an open system cannot be greater than the carbon order imported through the boundary, and the increase in "chromium order" cannot be greater than the chromium order imported through the boundary, and so on."
Does anyone have the book?
From table of contents on amazon, one can see appendix D here:
http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0471735809/ref=sib_dp_top_toc/102-8612528-6088129?ie=UTF8&p=S007#reader-link
appendix D posted online for free here:
http://www.math.utep.edu/Faculty/sewell/odes_pdes/appendixd.pdf