They refer to some Viking mythology the Nazis appropriated:
Drei kleine Kittens,
verloren sie ihre Handschuhe,
und sie fingen an zu schreien,
die liebe OH- Mutter,
wir sich fürchten traurig,
denen wir unsere Handschuhe verloren haben.
The text on the buckle is a shortended version of "I have my mittens"/"Gott Mituns" as the original "Ich habe meine Handschuhe" was too long to fit on the buckle and entitle the Viking kitten stormtrooper bearing it to any pie.
Gott Mit Uns translates DIRECTLY in German to mean "God With Us". Hitler appropriated it as a "peace offering "of sorts to German Christians, whom he had mostly pissed off previously (much of the resistance within Germany during the buildup to WWII was lead by Christian groups).
The nazis cared only about power - it was their only "principle". They used whatever propaganda they could to increase their standing. Hitler had deep disdain for any organization that threatened the nazi party - from the atheists and Freethinker groups, to devout Christians. Their aim was to break the non-party support structures and then reintegrate. Recall "Kinder, Kirche, Kueche" (Children, Church, Kitchen). He used the Enabling Act to dissolve particularly meddlesome churches and outlawed most atheistic and freethinking groups.
So yes, the nazis held contempt for devout Christians (and everyone else who threatened them, including atheists). And they didn't see themselves as, nor where they, "progressive". The totalitarian mindset only cares about control.
Hey, I coulda just called a Godwin. :)
Drei kleine Kittens, verloren sie ihre Handschuhe, und sie fingen an zu schreien, die liebe OH- Mutter, wir sich fürchten traurig, denen wir unsere Handschuhe verloren haben.
I does not give any sense. Could you translate it for me please?