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Yes, but the employer has to have a prearranged understanding with an employee as to what 'the job' is. You can't hire a brain surgeon and then ask them to go sweep the floors, things like that. Jobs are defined, filled and fulfilled by recognized terms prior to the job itself.

Provided that you do not alter pay and employment benefits, an employer can ask an employee to do anything that the employer needs done, as long as it's not illegal. The employer is the one who took the risks involved with starting the business. The employer is the one who calls the shots.

If I own a restaurant and hire a chef who specializes in French cuisine, and then decide to change the menu to fast food, the chef can remain at his or her current rate of pay, or decide to move on if he or she doesn't want to accept the new environment. I am the boss.

You agree to do what the employer needs done within the boundaries of local, federal, and state law. That is what you agree to when you accept employment. If your conscience dictates to you that you can no longer provide the services that an an employer provides, be it the same services as you have always performed, or new services that are required, then you are free to seek employment elsewhere.