[nasamn777]

Anytime you have an entropy decreasing process moving away from equilibrium you must have some thermodynamic mechanism to explain the process. In some fashion, the boundary conditions must be constrained. Darwinism is assumed, today, so many in the thermodynamics fields don't want to challenge the sacred cow. They take a very limited view of thermodynamics (a Classical perspective) and say that thermodynamics has nothing to do with mechanism. Even from a classical perspective, this is only partially true. The Clausius statement of the second law is the following:

It is impossible for any system to operate in such a way that the sole result would be an energy transfer by heat from a cooler to a hotter body.

This statement would seem to preclude refrigerators and heat pumps. The key phrase "sole result" means that there must be some other effect within the system that causes the heat transfer, the surroundings, or both. A thermodynamic mechanism, which utilizes outside energy, must cause this effect. The thermodynamic mechanism has to constrain the process over the cycle. The supposed Darwinian mechanism lacks the required precision. This gets back to the heart of the second law -- the highly improbable states are not achieved because the highly probable states are significantly favored. Concerning Darwinian theory, the numerous and precise mutations just don't happen because of the low probability. The information within the environment is disconnected from the lifeform because of the low probable mutations. Where we do see a connection between environment and the lifeform, there must exist additional precise mechanisms within the cells besides only mutation and natural selection. This is evidence of design.

[Right Wing Professor]

It is impossible for any system to operate in such a way that the sole result would be an energy transfer by heat from a cooler to a hotter body. This statement would seem to preclude refrigerators and heat pumps.

Only if you think 'sole' means a kind of flatfish.

A thermodynamic mechanism, which utilizes outside energy, must cause this effect. The thermodynamic mechanism has to constrain the process over the cycle. The supposed Darwinian mechanism lacks the required precision.

'Thermodynamic mechanism' is akin to 'Clintonian honesty'. Until you get this point, guy, there is no point in arguing with you. Entropy is a state function. It depends on the final state, and the initial state, and nothing else on God's green earth.

[Doctor Stochastic]

This statement would seem to preclude refrigerators and heat pumps.

No, you are misreading the statement. Refrigerators only cool their insides. The outside gets quite hot (that's the "other thing happening" which is necessary.) Similarly for heat pumps. What is forbidden is that a refrigerator only cool its surroundings and get 100% useful work out of the heat removed.

[WildTurkey]

The key phrase "sole result" means that there must be some other effect within the system that causes the heat transfer, the surroundings, or both.

Sorry. ONLY temperature differences result in heat flow.