Regarding the second question, whether the second law of thermodynamics “falsifies” evolution, I need to ask: which theory of the second law did you have in mind? In Newton’s own time, nobody knew quite what to make of it, including Newton. He had simply documented, analyzed, and elucidated what seemed to him (most astutely it seems in retrospect) the results of certain seminal experimental conditions he was observing. There was no “philosophy” at stake here.One more thing. In Newton's own time, certainly nobody knew what to make of the second law, since Newton died about a century before Carnot and Clausius formulated it.
Newton's second law: F = ma. Nothing to do with thermodynamics.
The second law of thermodynamics; Delta S >0 for irreversible processes
The above paragraph is complete b.s., in other words.