Yes there is scriptural support. And it is very clear. The Mt. Sinai Covenant was between Israel and God, not the world and God. But through Israel the world would be blessed. The following passage, clearly designates Israel and only Israel as being required to observe certain laws.
Lev 20:24 But I have said unto you, Ye shall inherit their land, and I will give it unto you to possess it, a land that floweth with milk and honey: I am the LORD your God, which have separated you from other people. 25 Ye shall therefore put difference between clean beasts and unclean, and between unclean fowls and clean: and ye shall not make your souls abominable by beast, or by fowl, or by any manner of living thing that creepeth on the ground, which I have separated from you as unclean.
Exodus 31:12 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, 13 Speak thou also unto the children of Israel, saying, Verily my sabbaths ye shall keep: for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations; that ye may know that I am the LORD that doth sanctify you. 14 Ye shall keep the sabbath therefore; for it is holy unto you: every one that defileth it shall surely be put to death: for whosoever doeth any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people. 15 Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. 16 Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant. 17 It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed. 18 And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of communing with him upon mount Sinai, two tables of testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God.
Notice it not directed to all mankind, it's directed to the children of Israel only and for the purpose of separating them.
If you go back to Noah, before the Mosaic covenant you find this:
Genesis 9:3 - Every moving thing that liveth shall be meat for you; even as the green herb have I given you all things.
So do you see that all animals were ok to eat until the Mosaic covenant, when certain animals became unclean for Israel and for Israel only. Why? Because as the first passage above says, it was to separate Israel from other nations. God created a very strong cultural identity for Israel through the kosher laws that helped protect Israel from foreign influences and served to keep them separate. This was important because through God's special relationship with Israel, he would teach the whole world how to relate to Him. He would teach us all about holiness.
But then Jesus said, what goes into the body does not make the body unclean, it's what comes out of the heart that makes a body unclean. And then God told Paul, a pharisee, to kill and eat any of the animals he wanted to. Paul was taken aback and said, No way, I've never eaten anything unclean. God said, don't say it's unclean if I have said it's clean.
Don't you understand It's not that the animals are unclean in themselves, they were unclean for Israel only, because of Israel's covenant with the Lord. That's why they were clean for Noah, and that's why they were clean for Paul.
The 10 commandments, with the exception of keeping the sabbath, are required under the greater law of love your neighbor and walk humbly before your God. You can't break one of those and not break the greater law.
For a Jew to eat an unclean animal prior to Jesus, would bbe to show dishonor towards the Mosaic covenant. But such aanimals were never unclean for the gentiles.