You are confusing more judge made law with the laws of the US and several States and the Constitution.
Again, see the Alien Act and Alien Enemies Act, passed in 1798 under the Constitution. Also try out the Alien Registration Act of 1940. Resident Aliens may be rounded up by the government and interned or deported at any time under this act. They don't have the rights of citizens. That is in fact the whole point of gaining citizenship.
The Alien Enemies Act is still in force. See 50 USC 3
Read the 14th Amendment. The Equal Protection Clause specifically says it applies to "persons," not citizens.
It says: "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws"
And who is within its jurisdiction? "All persons born or naturalized in the United States".
You're just another person who mistakenly believes that the Constitution grants rights.
The Constitution grants no rights, it restricts the government from violating the God-given rights enjoyed by all human beings.
Governments can either violate rights, or protect them.