I don't think there's a direct relationship between population change and any of this stuff. How many IPOs did Algeria have last year...or Egypt...or Nigeria? All experienced tremendous population growth. Israel, on the other hand, grows slowly but produces enormous technological advances.
The things to look at are technological changes and the ability of institutions to adjust. Remember the Luddites who predicted disaster as mechanization displaced agricultural workers? There's no inherent reason why technological advances cannot reduce the costs of goods and services to the point where very few workers are needed to provide both to everyone...but can we devise a society which will accomodate those changes?