I think the answers to your questions are pretty self-evident. They haven't become superpowers because their national histories have not been conducive to that. This, however, does not reflect on the potential of individuals who by circumstance of birth happen to live there.
And there is plenty of true innovation taking place all over the world today. In fact, many of those technologists can't work within the US because, by their measure, the US is not a "free country" ( ref. http://www.openbsd.org/crypto.html#people )