my love for the Jews only increases the more I learn about the faith that was the heritage of Jesus of Nazareth, his incarnation being the universal, world-changing event for which the Jews, indeed, were chosen.
Very interesting point. What is implied in your post, which is something many would agree with, is that those who turned their back on God for the purpose for which they were "chosen," are therefore...no longer "the chosen." The implications are monumental and that is the real chasm between the Catholic Church and the Jewish faith and identity. It is a chasm that cannot be filled with empty ecumenical platitudes.
In early Christianity, some segment of the Jews converted to Christianity, and combined with the early Gentile converts to become the original Church. An argument could be made that it is only those Jews who retained their status as members of the "chosen people", and were later assimulated into one Church