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Nations and states don't "claim" property, individuals do. Sovereignty means area of jurusdiction, where laws made by the national government apply. Sure, some governments make it difficult for foreigners to acquire property, but unless a concrete damage can be shown to individuals from such acquisitions, such laws violate the libertarian principles of freedom of exchange.

but unless a concrete damage can be shown to individuals from such acquisitions, such laws violate the libertarian principles of freedom of exchange.

Why is this so? How about trespassing? You've trespassed and that violates the non-agression principle. Do you really suggest that trespassing is OK if it doesn't concretely harm the property owner?

Furthermore, it is perfectly reasonable for a nation or state to reserve exploration for the benefit of its own citizens and I just don't see how this violates any libertarian principle.

Nations and states don't "claim" property,

But they do claim territory. In my 81 I explained the distinction between the sovereignty of a nation and the sovereignty of the individual and how they might differently interpret their rights to certain property.

The territory of a sovereign nation is made up of the lines of demarcation beyond which their laws cease to carry any authority.

That territory is in fact claimed however. And it is within their power to defend and protect those borders. Anyone who sets foot within that territory does so with the explicit knowledge that he is subject to all laws in that territory.

Any claim he makes on property within that territory is null and void if he hasn't purchased or negotiated rights to that property from either the individual who currently holds rights to that property or the nation which holds claim to the terrority.

Anything outside those actions is legitimately considered to be criminal trespass and theft.