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Any unrestricted rifle, shotgun, or air-rifle with a muzzle velocity exceeding 152.4 metres per second (500 feet per second) is a regulated firearm and as such has requirements to purchase, own and handle. Before anyone can buy, sell, trade or receive as a gift any such firearm: they must first apply for a permit called a Firearms Acquisition Certificate. You will have to pass a written and practical exam and first time applicants must complete a mandatory two-day shooting course. The applicant must also fill out a detailed questionnaire which is subject to review by local police and/or the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. The minimum waiting period to obtain a FAC is one month. FAC's are photo ID's and they expire every five years. If the rifle is to be used for hunting, then the owner must complete a hunter safety course before s/he can apply for a hunting license. A hunting license expires every year.

Restricted Firearms are: all hand guns; pistols; semi-automatic rifles; rifles shorter than 26 inches; and all half-inch barreled shotguns under 18 inches - basically any barreled weapon that is easy to conceal. In order to own and handle a restricted firearm one must have:

FAC (see above);
Permit to Travel - Before the would-be owner can actually buy the gun they must have this permit. A permit to transport only allows the owner to carry their firearm from the address they will register with the government to the address of their shooting-range membership. To obtain it, they must become a member of a Solicitor-General approved shooting range. The first-time member must complete a three-month shooting course. At that time, the shooting range provides a letter of reference to accompany the shooter's application for a permit to transport. The application contains a questionnaire which becomes subject to police and/or RCMP review. The applicant's home is also inspected to insure that they have a firearm safe or a 400 lb. locker installed at the street address where the gun will be stored.
Registration Papers - The purchaser can buy the restricted firearm but is not allowed to take it out of the store until it has been registered with the Federal government. To do this, the owner brings their proof of purchase to the local firearms registrar. Ownership (Registration) papers take roughly two weeks to process. These ownership papers must always accompany the sale, trade or gifting of the firearm.
Permit to Convey: Once registered, the owner receives this permit from the firearms registrar. It allows tehm to bring the gun from the shop to the registrar's office. At that time, the registrar and the gun owner decide upon a time for the owner to carry the firearm home. Any change of address must be reported within six days. When transporting such firearms, they must always be packed in an appropriate, locked case.
Military guns and rifles, self-loading rifles with magazines over five rounds, self-loading guns with magazines over 10 rounds, fully automatic firearms, sawed off shotguns are all prohibited firearms.

Canadian gun laws. If I get a hand gun I have to have a FAC and then get the permits to transport my gun to the range and it can only be between that range and home. Plus they inspect the house or residence to make sure that there's a gunsafe, so your gun has to be locked up meaning no self defense.