It could also be said that our laws are based on those of
Hammurabi (reigned 1795-1750 BC).
His published Code of Law not only covered criminal but tort law as well. While our founders might not have directed accessed it, other societies in the long ago past did – and the tenets have been passed down.
Albert the Great prefaced his first catalog of the Laws of England with the Ten Commandments.
He likely never even heard of Hammurabi. And there are dozens of such links in our history between civic law and Judaic laws.
Thus, the Ten Commandments are a far more appropriate historical reference point.
The first law in Western Christendom was the Justinian code. It was of course imbued with the Catholic faith of the Romans of 529 AD:
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/535institutes.html#I.%20Justice%20and%20Law