We had a military that defeated the England twice, Spain, Mexico, and won a civil war without an income tax.* The chief purpose of the income tax is funding the welfare state. The legitimate functions of government don't need an income tax.
This case will likely not change anything, but even if it did the issue deserves serious discussion, not the sort of hysterics the democratic party uses for every issue.
*Income taxes were passed at times, but never made it throught the courts.
I think this is the point that all the "this lady isn't paying her fair share" and "it will hurt the military" folks are missing.
The federal government was never intended to become what it has become. Perhaps the 16th Amendement (taxes) and 19th Amendemnt (direct election of Senators) are the two most damaging amendments to what the Founders originally intended (not to mention the drastic effects of the withholding tax).
The 16th amendment was ratified in 1913. Apparently, we went 124 years without having a federal income tax. It has been 90 years since its institution and resultant escalation. Are we more free now?