I also wonder if the old 6mm Lee Navy round could be resurrected. With modern powder and rifles it would be really deadly. It had a reputation for accuracy too.
The only downside is the .243 would be only marginally lighter than a 7.62 since they use the same case.
I believe the perfect battle rifle cartridge was developen around 1894, the 6.5X55, which was chambered in the Norwegian Krag and Swedish Mausers.