My mother did. She was the flip side of this 'established name' argument. She married young, took my father's name and was married 20 years. When they divorced, she no longer identified with the name she had in high school, she had been teaching as Mrs. ________ her whole life. And she had us... I don't think after all those years she wanted to have a different name than her children. When she remarried, we were grown, and she did take his new name.... A new chapter.
On her headstone I put all three names: Her maiden name, showing the linkage to her own parents beside her, the name I carry that ties her to me, and the name of her husband who was with her at the end.