Ever hear of a "sapper"? That is when the enemy, often children, walk toward you with some sort of explosive charge on their person--when they get close to you, they blow themselves up (and you, too). This was a common problem in Vietnam, and perhaps that is what Lt Calley felt sure he was facing.
It is alleged that the Army knew the true nature of the situation far earlier but a Major named Colin Powell managed to suppress that knowledge.
Everyone in the Army at that time found their reputation tarred with this brush. Some decided this sort of thing would never happen again.
There's a wealth of information on the net about this event. You should bother to read some of it.