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Cable's War Coverage Suggests a New 'Fox Effect' on Television
NY Times ^ | April 16, 2003 | JIM RUTENBERG

Posted on 04/16/2003 5:59:35 PM PDT by Pharmboy

The two commentators were gleeful as they skewered the news media and antiwar protesters in Hollywood.

"They are absolutely committing sedition, or treason," one commentator, Michael Savage, said of the protesters one recent night.

His colleague, Joe Scarborough, responded: "These leftist stooges for anti-American causes are always given a free pass. Isn't it time to make them stand up and be counted for their views?"

The conversation did not take place on A.M. radio, in an Internet chat room or even on the Fox News Channel. Rather, Mr. Savage, a longtime radio talk-show host, and Mr. Scarborough, a former Republican congressman, were speaking during prime time on MSNBC, the cable news network owned by Microsoft and General Electric and overseen by G.E.'s NBC News division.

MSNBC, which is ranked third among cable news channels, hired the two shortly before the war in Iraq, saying it sought better political balance in its programming. But others in the industry say the moves are the most visible sign of a phenomenon they call "the Fox effect."

This was supposed to be CNN's war, a chance for the network, which is owned by AOL Time Warner, to reassert its ratings lead using its international perspective and straightforward approach.

Instead, it has been the Fox News Channel, owned by the News Corporation, that has emerged as the most-watched source of cable news by far, with anchors and commentators who skewer the mainstream media, disparage the French and flay anybody else who questions President Bush's war effort.

Fox's formula had already proved there were huge ratings in opinionated news with an America-first flair. But with 46 of the top 50 cable shows last week alone, Fox has brought prominence to a new sort of TV journalism that casts aside traditional notions of objectivity, holds contempt for dissent and eschews the skepticism of government at mainstream journalism's core.

News executives at other networks are keeping a wary eye on Fox News, trying to figure out what, if anything, its progress will mean to them.

"I certainly think that all news people are watching the success of Fox," said Andrew Heyward, president of CBS News. "There is a long-standing tradition in the mainstream press of middle-of-the-road journalism that is objective and fair. I would hate to see that fall victim to a panic about the Fox effect."

The American news media have been here before. Newspaper headlines in World War II clearly backed the Allies. In 1944, The New York Times used the following headline above a photo essay about an air raid: "We Strike at the Japs."

But until Fox News, television news had rarely taken that sort of tone, though opinion has broken through at times. The major networks were first considered bullish on the Vietnam conflict. Then Walter Cronkite editorialized against it.

Still, for all the claims of disinterest from network anchors and correspondents, conservatives believed that they were masking liberal bias.

Rupert Murdoch played off that suspicion when he started the Fox News Channel in 1996, declaring it would take both sides of the political spectrum into account while overtaking CNN. Fox kept most of its political commentary to its prime-time schedule, which it called the equivalent of a newspaper's opinion page.

After the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks, though, Fox News Channel covered the fighting in Afghanistan with heavy patriotism, referring to "our troops" who were fighting "terror goons." Fox jumped to first in the cable news ratings in January 2002.

The channel has now taken its brand of pro-American journalism to a new level. One recent night, a correspondent in Iraq referred to war protesters as "the great unwashed."

After the first statue of Saddam Hussein fell in Baghdad, Neal Cavuto, an anchor, delivered a message to those "who opposed the liberation of Iraq": "You were sickening then, you are sickening now." Another Fox anchor, John Gibson, said he hoped Iraq's reconstruction would not be left to "the dopey old U.N."

CNN's ratings also rose during the war, to 2.65 million average daily viewers, from 610,000, but CNN trailed Fox, which had 3.3 million. Though MSNBC remained in third place with 1.4 million, it saw its share of the cable news audience grow, and for the first time in years had a sense of momentum.

Fox News executives would not comment for this article, beyond contending that their channel's success had more to do with its reporting than its editorial approach. They noted, for instance, that Fox showed the first live reports from the push to central Baghdad and from Mr. Hussein's palace there.

Fox's success initially seemed to push CNN to reconsider its editorial direction. In 2001, the network's former chairman, Walter Isaacson, made a public show of meeting with Republican leaders in Washington to discuss CNN's perceived liberal bias. Like Fox News and MSNBC, CNN featured an American flag on its screen after Sept. 11.

Since CNN's new chief, Jim Walton, took over last winter the network has reaffirmed its role as an international news network. It is the only one of the three cable-news networks without a flag on its screen now.

MSNBC, on the other hand, has added several features to capture more conservatives, who, along with moderates, make up a larger share of the cable news audience than do liberals, according to analysts.

MSNBC has patriotic flourishes throughout the day. Along with the regular screen presence of an American flag, Mr. Bush's portrait is featured on MSNBC's main set and an "America's Bravest" studio wall shows snapshots of men and women serving in Iraq.

Neal Shapiro, the NBC News president, said MSNBC hired Mr. Scarborough and Mr. Savage to add political equilibrium to its lineup of hosts. Before the war, Mr. Shapiro said, all of them — Chris Matthews, Phil Donahue, Bill Press and Pat Buchanan — opposed the war. Mr. Donahue's program was canceled in February.

"If you have a range of opinion that leaves out a whole part of the country," Mr. Shapiro said, "you're unintentionally sending a message that `you are not welcome here.' "

Erik Sorenson, MSNBC's president, said it was trying to differentiate its report from what he called a mainstream style of automatic questioning of the government.

"After Sept. 11 the country wants more optimism and benefit of the doubt," Mr. Sorenson said. "It's about being positive as opposed to being negative. If it ends up negative, so be it. But a big criticism of the mainstream press is that the beginning point is negative: `On Day 2, we're in a quagmire.' "

MSNBC's programming moves were welcomed by L. Brent Bozell III, founder of the Media Research Center, a conservative media analysis group. "What Fox is doing, and frankly what MSNBC is also declaring by its product, is that one can be unabashedly patriotic and be a good news journalist at the same time," Mr. Bozell said.

Still, MSNBC's moves have news executives and some liberal critics worried that Fox's success will push TV news too far from a neutral tone.

"I'm a huge believer in the forces of the market and the audience's ability to make choices among various channels," Mr. Heyward of CBS said. "What I would not like to see happen is legitimate debate stifled, or journalists' skepticism, heated journalistic inquiry, somehow dampened by a flock of Fox imitators."


TOPICS: Culture/Society; Extended News; News/Current Events
KEYWORDS: foxnews; liberalhypocrisy; mediabias; newnormal
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To: this_ol_patriot
Oh, absolutely, I'm just saying, I will admit that some at FNC will say a conservative thing here or there (GOD FORBID). Unfortunately for the libs...80% of Americans agree with Fox. So, um, apparently, the "fair" thing to do is to represent the views of the minority as the views of the majority...right?

Perfect liberal logic. :-)
81 posted on 04/16/2003 9:16:25 PM PDT by Kip Lange (The Khaki Pants of Freedom)
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To: Rome2000
"Joseph Goebbels" Propaganda bump. Most interesting speech. Why do I think of Hillary while reading it?
82 posted on 04/16/2003 9:21:44 PM PDT by Ciexyz
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To: FreeLibertarian
I personally think they put him on MSNBC to make all conservatives look bad.
83 posted on 04/16/2003 9:24:58 PM PDT by Illbay
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To: Rome2000
Too bad the rabid anti-semitic Israel hating leftists in the Democratic party and their EU supporters can't say the same.

Aye. It makes me sick. LEAVE THE JEWS ALONE! Has any one group been more persecuted throughout history? Sheesh! Anti-semitic crime is up SIXFOLD in France after their shameless maneuvering. I hope they're proud.

Again, I give you major cajones credit for posting the Goebbels piece (I can imagine what any lefty lurkers are thinking). I've been wanting to post quotes from Goebbels for a while regarding propaganda, because -- there is NOTHING wrong with taking a page from his playbook, if the cause is right, and doesn't involve, say, killing all the Jews. There has been no one before or since who has grasped so well the intricacies and the value of propaganda. Except, maybe, certain elements of the American left. It's time we buckle down and think hard about propaganda. Propaganda isn't about debunking one point or another; it's about setting the agenda itself. In other words, propoganda is NOT stating a viewpoint; it is setting the stage as to which viewpoints will be discussed at all. Propaganda is why, every four years, we're told, with great confidence, that Social Security is falling apart. Then we, as Republicans, go on the defensive and try to prove that we're not out to kill old people (or push them off cliffs, as the DNC would like people to believe). We're *reacting* to propaganda. It's time we started focusing on setting the agenda.

84 posted on 04/16/2003 9:25:05 PM PDT by Kip Lange (The Khaki Pants of Freedom)
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To: Illbay
I've had the same thoughts, but I've got to say, I find him no more annoying than I find Ann Coulter annoying (oh, please don't flame me, everybody, I listen to both of them, just sometimes, I don't listen to either of them...).
85 posted on 04/16/2003 9:26:18 PM PDT by Kip Lange (The Khaki Pants of Freedom)
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To: Kip Lange
I like to read Ann, I don't like to listen to her.

I much prefer Laura Ingraham. She actually has a figure, besides.
86 posted on 04/16/2003 9:26:57 PM PDT by Illbay
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To: Illbay
I personally think they put him on MSNBC to make all conservatives look bad.

You may be correct, he certainly is a disgrace to conservatives.

87 posted on 04/16/2003 9:29:46 PM PDT by FreeLibertarian (You live and learn. Or you don't live long.)
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To: Kip Lange
Tonight C-Span aired a program about the Pentagon. As the cameraman walked into General Richard Meyers office, you could hear the FOX News Operation Iraqi Freedom music playing. I just laughed and laughed.

I sent an e-mail to Roger Ailes recently asking him to consider a Hannity & Colmes-type format that would feature the likes of Armstrong Williams, Niger Innis, Ward Connerly, Larry Elder on the conservative side. I said, "You can choose the liberals." Anyway, I would love to hear both points of view discussed by African-American leaders.

I'd like to see this program replace any of the following:

Fox and Friends (weekend)
Big Story with Rita "my sources tell me" Cosby
John Kasich
At Large with Geraldo Rivera
88 posted on 04/16/2003 9:30:10 PM PDT by freedom4me
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To: Pharmboy
(CC shaking her head...) They just don't get it, do they....
89 posted on 04/16/2003 9:31:03 PM PDT by CheneyChick
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To: freedom4me
That IS a great idea. I'd hate to see F&F go on the weekend, cuz that's when they bring in "trial" infobabes... ;-)

Kasich, Geraldo, and Rita -- and all of her "sources", I have never heard a reporter blab so much about her "sources" -- same reporter who, I *vividly* recall, read the Supreme Court ruling during the election as..."VICTORY FOR GORE!" before Fox cut away in a hurry. :p -- they can all go. Kasich is well-meaning but soooo bland. Geraldo is a media whore. And Rita is like the Candy Crowley of Fox ("hey, look, we have one unattractive reporter, we're not COMPLETLEY beautiful!"). ;-)
90 posted on 04/16/2003 9:37:14 PM PDT by Kip Lange (The Khaki Pants of Freedom)
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To: Ciexyz
One of the best Nazi and East German propaganda archives I've found on the web.

http://www.calvin.edu/academic/cas/gpa/
91 posted on 04/16/2003 9:38:11 PM PDT by this_ol_patriot
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To: Kip Lange
In defense of Savage, he's much like any other talking head I listen to. I agree with him sometimes; I disagree with him sometimes; sometimes I feel he's going over the top for ratings. In Savage's case, he goes over the top...a lot.

I do not feel, however, that he deserves *nearly* the level of invective you are levelling at him. Save that for other Michaels, of the Moore variety. :p

"Going over the top for ratings" is appropriate for entertainment programs not Conservative talk shows. Possibly Savage is not as stupid as he comes across on the show but that only makes it worse. If "Talking Heads" can't carry their programs with intelligent commentary then they shouldn't be on the air. When "Talking Heads" try to out compete each other to see who can be the most outlandish I respond by turning them all off. I don't need some blow dried air-head telling me what to think.

92 posted on 04/16/2003 9:41:18 PM PDT by FreeLibertarian (You live and learn. Or you don't live long.)
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To: FreeLibertarian
I turn them all off, too.

I'm not disagreeing with anything you say, just saying maybe you should save your anger for the REAL j**koffs, like, say, Michael Moore.

I don't need some blow dried air-head telling me what to think.

...and I doubt anyone here at FR would take issue with that...so...um...what's your point, besides the fact that you don't like Michael Savage? :p

93 posted on 04/16/2003 9:48:26 PM PDT by Kip Lange (The Khaki Pants of Freedom)
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To: Kip Lange
It's that simple.

One of the worst cases of news bias I saw was during the Bush/Gore vote recounts. On MSNBC Lester Holt and Chris Jansing had a big scam going. Every time something good for Bush would happen Lester Holt would show an angry mad face and Chris Jansing would almost be in tears. When some good Gore news (which wasn't much) came along Lester would get a big sheet eating grin and Chris would beam a pretty toothy smile. I thought it was me and my Bush bias so I put on my grey colored glasses and it was there, it wasn't me.
94 posted on 04/16/2003 9:49:23 PM PDT by this_ol_patriot
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To: Pharmboy
Still, MSNBC's moves have news executives and some liberal critics worried that Fox's success will push TV news too far from a neutral tone.

I don't see how they can be worried about this when CNN is not taking a neutral tone. They are certainly left of the middle when it comes to their reporting. But we don't hear them complaining about CNN, now do we?

95 posted on 04/16/2003 9:55:24 PM PDT by azGOPgal (Freedom is Contagious. And everyone wants to catch it.)
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To: Maigrey
Ping!
96 posted on 04/16/2003 9:56:10 PM PDT by azGOPgal (Freedom is Contagious. And everyone wants to catch it.)
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To: Kip Lange
I think Rita's a good at snooping out a story, but she's not on-air material.

Again, one reasong I'm for showcasing black conservatives is because, just as in Iraq, we must win the hearts and minds of young blacks. Many of them don't have the civil rights axe to grind and they genuinely want to know how they can have a piece of the pie vs. handouts from the government. They've seen the destruction that the "Great Society" brought to their parents' generation and they want something better.

97 posted on 04/16/2003 9:56:57 PM PDT by freedom4me
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To: Pharmboy
They must be afraid that Fox is enticing us into some hedonistic trap from which there is no escape.
98 posted on 04/16/2003 10:03:58 PM PDT by WellsFargo94
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To: Kip Lange
Michael Savage has become an egomaniac. And that's a very sad thing. He really is quite brilliant, if he could just control his massive ego and his out-of-control anger. Wonder if he found his dog a new home because he was beating the dog???
99 posted on 04/16/2003 10:07:23 PM PDT by Babu
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To: Pharmboy
What went on between FOX, MSNBC and CNN during the war coverage was very interesting. A few thoughts: First, CNN assumed that they would get the best ratings (they came right out and said so) that American viewers would "come home" so to speak based on their position as the first in this genre. But CNN of today and of years ago are very different; in the early days they use to just cover the news, but now they spout anti-American propaganda befitting the Iraqi information minister. CNN has to be alarmed to see their ratings plummet and FOX's soar. MSNBC, seeing how bottom of the barrel they've become (with such flaming liberals as Donahue, Chung, Matthews, etc.) has apparently decided to change gears a little bit and become more like FOX than CNN. They did have some conservative views expressed and even had that wall of heroes with pictures of the military and their families, which was a nice touch. MSNBC is still too left wing but they are to the right of CNN at least (which isn't very hard to do). CNN has now said they are "global" rather than a U.S. medium, which is their way of saying this is why we are anti-American. The other thing that has hurt CNN are the recent revelations that they sold their soul to stay in Iraq, refusing to report Iraqi atrocities (for years) rather than be kicked out of the country. There was no need for CNN to be in Iraq if they were there just to spout Iraqi propaganda and refuse to report the real news. That stance didn't save lives, it cost lives, because it covered up what was really happening there for years. Better that they had been kicked out of Iraq doing their job than to do the bidding of Saddam Hussein. CNN has blood on their hands and now (thanks to Drudge) everybody knows it. FOX has strengthed their position, CNN has lost ground and if MSNBC continues to move to the right, they have an opportunity to move ahead of CNN. And FOX reported the truth because how could anything but a positive spin been the truth? The war was won in under 3 weeks and every objective was met, now what part of that could possibly be construed as negative? CNN lies, FOX tells the truth and MSNBC is somewhere in the middle. People are seeking out truthful, conservative news outlets like Rush, Drudge, FOX, Washington Times, Free Republic, etc. and staying away from lying, liberal outlets like CNN, Washington Post, NY Times, etc. The trend couldn't be clearer.
100 posted on 04/16/2003 10:07:39 PM PDT by Contra
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