[Hank Kerchief]

Wasn't Einstein very unhappy with quantum theory?

God does not play dice with the universe.

- Albert Einstein

Since Einstein was instrumental in developing the quantum theory, as an explanation of certain photo-eletric effects, I do not think he objected to it. The remark quoted was in reference to the Copenhagen interpretation of the uncertainty principle of Heisenberg, I believe.

Hank

[AMDG&BVMH]

RE: "Since Einstein was instrumental in developing the quantum theory, as an explanation of certain photo-eletric effects, I do not think he objected to it. The remark quoted was in reference to the Copenhagen interpretation of the uncertainty principle of Heisenberg, I believe."

Yes, in particular, the quote came from the Copenhagen debate. However, in general, Einstein and Schroedinger (whose work also directly related to QM), were NOT happy about the INTERPRETATIONS applied to QM: such as the interpretation that since measurement uncertainty exists at the quantum level, what happens at that level isn't causal but random and hence a bunch of random fluctuations.

Thus, quantum theory is not in jeopardy, just the prevailing view of what it MEANS at the quantum level.

Reality prevails, as Einstein and Schroedinger instinctively knew all along . . .