I've seen the number 50+ million quoted for South America alone. The number was based on the amount of manmade waterways and raised fields in the Amazon region. When the Spanish landed, there were cities in SA larger than any in Europe.
The unique story of South America has yet to be discovered and told and I expect archaeology/anthropology will be shaken to the core when it is.
Rain Forest Researchers Hit Paydirt (Farming 11K Years Ago In South America)
I expect that it will be also. This is one of the reason that I put so little trust in the numbers, population, that are thrown around, It seems that you can't put a spade in the ground with out finding a human culture, often in the most supprising places.