Probably not, as it's a brief exposure to the ultrasound, and would likely occur only 2-3x during the entire pregnancy (ie: 2 medically requested ultrasounds like was done during my recent pregnancy, and then 1 if the mother wanted a mall-one done). Whereas a newborn's ability to recognize certain human voices (parents) is likely due to the long term exposure in utero, esp. mom's voice.
However, our daughter definitely did NOT like being ultrasounded! Definite signs of irritation in the film. Thrashing of head, arms pushing away at the transducer--it was clearly a 'go away' sign from her! Now I see that behavior in her when she's done with her bottle and pushes it away two-handed.
LOL! But wouldn't that come from being physically prodded more than from the (inaudible?) sound?