I don't know how it is in other states, but in New York State prisons, officers are not afforded the type of discretion you mention. It's actually a violation of the inmate's rights to arbitrarily discipline an inmate outside of the established disciplinary system in place here. We have a three-tier disciplinary system, that deals with misbehavior by inmates. The officer must document the misbehavior in writing and the report, or ticket as we call it, will be reviewed by the midnight Watch Commander and based on the severity of the offense, the charges will be placed into one of the thee tiers. Each tier is heard by a different uniformed rank in the prison and each has its own set of available dispositions that can be applied.
While as a supervisor, I have no problem with the officer shutting down the TV's because of certain misbehavior, or taking away the microwave because the inmates fail to keep it clean. However, there are other supervisors who run scared and won't allow it. As well, even if the officer attempts to do this, the inmates will immediately grieve it, or grab the first prison official walking around and cry to them. The officer will then be counseled and the inmates once again have won the day. Behavior shaping, or modification isn't used in the prison system here, although it should be.