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If it was smallpox it had to come from one of two sources: CDC (US) or Biopreparat (Russia on an island in the Aral Sea belonging to either Kazakhstan or Uzbekistan). Considering the standing or organized crime in Russia, I don't think this an unlikely development.

Nor does the US Government, it would appear...
60 Minutes: Iraq Has Smallpox (thread 1)
60 Minutes: Iraq Has Smallpox (thread 2)
The sources were Iraqi defectors, IIRC, who claim that the smallpox virus was procured from sources in the bioweapons program in the former Soviet Union.
Other links of interest...
HHS Set to Order Smallpox Vaccine for All Americans
U.S. Sets Up Plan to Fight Smallpox
U.S. to Buy 155M Smallpox Vaccines
Others Follow U.S. on Smallpox Vaccine
(British) Bio-defense requires smallpox vaccine
Smallpox experiment goes well, U.S. expert says
New smallpox terror alert
CDC starts to fight smallpox as weapon
SMALLPOX VACCINATIONS CONSIDERED FOR ENTIRE U.S.
And Now, the Good News about Smallpox
Since last October, the CDC's smallpox vaccination program has been in high gear, with the goal of stockpiling enough vaccine for every man, woman, and child in America.

Don't necessarily even have to get the smallpox from one of the cold storage labs either. There is historical evidence of infection from excavation of a mass grave of smallpox victims 100 years previous. Lots of those countries that hate us have had even more recent infections. If the bodies were buried in a mass grave and not cremated, they have plenty of smallpox of their own, all they need is a shovel.