There are science fiction novels that explore this theme. Not many, but they're out there and some are quite good. I don't remember any titles or authors just now (perhaps someone will chime in with that info) but I recall one where we encountered a species with no concept of sin. Possibly "A Case of Conscience" by James Blish. And there's another novel where God abandons humans and makes a covenant with the aliens instead. If I recall the ending, the humans declare: "He has chosen a worthy adversary."