In a competitive free market, there is no guarantee of either sales or profit. Thus there is no guarantee that there will be a Corporate Income Tax obligation to "pass along" to the consumer.
NRST advocates who insist that corporate income taxes are "embedded" in the sales price of a product are just plain wrong. This assumes that companies can dictate market price in order to cover any costs that they incur when price is actually determined by supply and demand in a competitive market. Any attempt to raise the product price to accomodate the income tax would have to overcome lower priced product from competitors who did not incompetently attempt to incorporate such "costs" in their pricing strategy. The result would be that the company that attempted to "pass along" the tax would actually lose sales volume, possibly even to the point of losing profitablility. Conversely, the lower priced competitors who did not attempt to "pass along" the tax would gain sales volume and enhance their profitability.
The skewed logic utilized by NRST advocates to claim that corporate income tax is paid by the consumer is completely bogus. To accept their convoluted logic is to deny how businesses actually operate in a competitive market. Further evidence of corporations' inability to "pass along" their income tax obligation is published every day in the business section of our nation's newspapers: "ABC Corporation fails to meet 3rd quarter expectations" or "XYZ Inc. incurs 2nd quarter loss". Once again, with future sales and tax obligations (if any) being unknown, it is IMPOSSIBLE for companies to "pass along" their income tax obligation to the consumer.
The Ivory Tower "experts" who concoct this theory are in denial of how business actually operate in a competitive free market. Their fundamental assumption that companies can dictate the market price of their product to accomodate income tax liability is fallacious and reflective of marxist influence.
Corporate income taxes are NOT a cost that can be passed along to the consumer.
What an utter pile of bovine excretement. Any business that fails to recover taxes remitted to government from their sales goes bankrupt and is no longer a business. You are forgetting the little things like the payroll excises on employment, unemployment taxes, the costs of complying with the tax code that amounts to $0.65 or more for every tax dollar collected and the plethora of other miscellaneous leveys on business by government, figuring a business makes no profit at all on which to pay a "Corporate Income Tax".
That individual income tax return that captures everyone's attention each April, is nothing more an accounting sheet the government cons individuals, held at ransom, into filling out. It puts a blinder on the eyes of the voter, and totally distorts their perceptions as to the real impact of taxation in their lives and provide the lever for government into the lives, property and down right control over the individual citizen.
As an IRS memorandum quoted in the March 1980 Saturday Review explained, "Agents should be able to discover errors in 99.9 percent of all returns if they want."
Heck the don't even need a return to go after someone, just the lack of one and suspucion they might have income to tax is sufficient.
As pointed out in the following article the tax system is actually fuelled from the dollars we spend which pays gross wages, and investment returns to individuals who are the ultimate purchases of consumed good and service and hence the payers of all taxes.
We spend "disposable income", (i.e. "aftertax" income) which finances all income that is taxed. Viewing from the perspective of consumption dollars, where it is all generated, we get an entirely different perspective on what is being done to us.
Between business income taxes and payroll taxes, the burden on citizen as reflected through higher prices, lower wages, and lower return on investements are indeed horrendous.
The following article covers the mechanism on how the current Federal tax system propagates and is embedded into consumption expenditure.
DO YOU PAY YOUR INCOME TAX
AT THE SUPERMARKET?
by D. Sherman Cox J.D. L.L.M. Taxation
The percentage used in the above article is somewhat off target in that it is based on a percentage that excludes individual income tax and SS/medicare contribution extracted out of individual wages & salaries. The 24% in the article considers only those factors actually paid to government out of impositions on the business in complying with the income, payroll, excise & tariff tax laws.
The total contribution of the federal tax system(including taxes in gross wage/salaries) to the price of retail consumption goods and services is 36% for federal taxes alone. Why? Because wages and the taxes on them are paid for out of sales receipt to business,(i.e. consumption expenditure). If we add in the cost of compliance of more than $600billion/year, the percentage that truely represents the burden on the family due to the Federal income payroll tax system increases to about a 47% of family consumption expenditures.
Tax as % of current family retail expenditure = fed/(1-state-fed-savings) =
23.5/(1-.235-0.102-0.012) = 36.09%
Current total Federal tax revenues are about $1900billion, more than $600billion(Paine '97, Pilla '95, AGCCA 2000, Williams 2000) additional dollars are passed on in consumption prices due to the business costs of complying with the federal income/payroll tax laws.
Percent total current federal burden (taxes + compliance costs) of consumption dollars = 36*(1900+600)/1900 = 47.36% as passed through consumption prices. Reduce the taxes on business and simplify them in any way possible ultimately means a lower price and higher standard of living for the citizen.
And taking state taxes and the cost of regulation into account we get even a worse picture:
We must . . . End Tax Slavery Now; Nov '97
by Jarret B. Wollstein
HOW MUCH DO YOU REALLY PAY?
According to the Tax Foundation, in 1994 the average American paid 22.4% of his or her income in federal taxes, plus 11.8% in state and local taxes - 34.2% total.
But that's just the beginning! Dr. James Payne of the University of California found that in addition to direct taxes we also pay huge, hidden taxes including:
- Compliance costs - record keeping, monies spent on tax planning, computers and software purchased to fulfill IRS requirements, etc.
- Enforcement costs - IRS audits, field investigations, service center corrections, criminal investigations, litigation, and forced collections.
- Emotional, moral and cultural costs - families forced onto welfare, time and creative energy lost figuring out how to avoid taxes, etc.
For every $1 we pay in direct taxes, we spend an additional $0.65 in compliance costs. And even that figure doesn't include the cost of import duties, license fees and other government regulations. For a typical U.S. family, the real cost of taxes and regulations is at least:
Federal taxes 22.4% of income
State & local taxes 11.8%
Compliance costs 22.2%
Regulatory costs 12.7%70.1% of your income is now consumed by government
The Flat Tax; Hall & Rabushka, '95:
What the Income Tax Cost the American People
The science of estimating compliance costs and indirect economic losses is, as noted, relatively new, and findings differ widely. Payne, for example, estimated the total costs of the federal tax system in 1985 at $363 billion, or 65 percent of actual collections. Others have reached higher costs in some categories of compliance and lower costs in others.
***
Total Costs
It’s time to sum the figures. Direct compliance costs, both in filing and in buying expert advice, exceed $100 billion. Direct tax-planning costs—consulting with lawyers, accountants, purveyors of tax shelters, and financial planners—exceed $35 billion. Revenue lost to the Treasury due to evasion exceeds $100 billion. Distortions from pursuing tax-advantaged investments in the form of lost output may exceed $100 billion. Finally, the lobbyists who inhabit Washington’s K Street corridor probably cost the economy more than $50 billion. Total individual and corporate income taxes for the 1993 fiscal year (October 1, 1992–September 30, 1993) were about $625 billion
***
Notes & References:
A comprehensive review of all the studies that attempt to measure the costs associated with the federal income tax appears in James L. Payne, Costly Returns: The Burdens of the U.S. Tax System (San Francisco: Institute for Contemporary Studies Press, 1993). Payne summarizes the estimates of compliance costs that appear in the following studies: Joel Slemrod and Nikki Sorum, "The Compliance Cost of the U.S. Individual Income Tax System," National Tax Journal 37 (December 1984): 462–65; Arthur D. Little, Inc., Development of Methodology for Estimating the Taxpayer Paperwork Burden (Washington, D.C.: Internal Revenue Service, 1988), pp. III–23; James T. Iocozzia and Garrick R. Shear, "Trends in Taxpayer Paperwork Burden," in Internal Revenue Service, Trend Analyses and Related Statistics, 1989 Update (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1989), p. 56; Annual Reports of the commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service; and a variety of other IRS memoranda
Plunder Patrol
by Robert W. Lee, New American April 18 '94
Selective Enforcement
Writing in The Freeman for March 1994, tax analyst James Payne observed that to function efficiently, a tax system needs citizen cooperation, but in "the United States, high tax rates and the impossibly complex tax code have made tax evasion and avoidance a major industry." Since the tax laws are so complex, virtually everyone can be branded a tax violator at the whim of the IRS. As an IRS memorandum quoted in the March 1980 Saturday Review explained, "Agents should be able to discover errors in 99.9 percent of all returns if they want."
***
Counting the Cost
"Tax analyst James Payne pinpoints more than 30 separate burdens which the current tax system imposes on individuals, businesses, and society as a whole, including the costs of compliance and enforcement."
"When the visible and hidden costs associated with tax collection (the vast majority of which have been piled without remuneration onto the private sector) are totaled up, Payne estimates that it costs 65 cents to collect every $1.00 in taxes. For fiscal 1992, that expense would be more than $622 billion, making tax collection the most expensive of all government programs (more than double the defense budget and nearly five times the expenditures on Medicare). "