[B Knotts]

Satellite isn't a viable alternative because its latency is too high due to the distance from the earth of the satellites.

There is a plan to deploy Low Earth Orbit satellite systems, which will address this problem. I don't know yet if they will market directly to rural residents, however.

Also, there is equipment available which allows 128 kpbs on a 120,000 (!) foot loop. Unfortunately, it has not been widely adopted.

[B Knotts]

Actually, it looks like it's even better now...GoDigital is now selling equipment that can do 1.5 mbps up to 100,000 ft.!

Unfortunately, the telcos have little interest in this, I'm afraid.