1828-1832 Taxes and Tariffs: The 1820s ushered the issue of taxes and tariffs. Following the Missouri Compromise, there were fears in the South that tariffs which protected Northern manufacturing profits were causing economic difficulty in the South to the advantage of Northern manufacturers. These tariffs, Southerners argued, resulted in much higher prices for imported manufactured goods. A recession in the South during the 1820s was blamed on the country's tariff policies.
In 1831 S.C. Senator John Caldwell Calhoun., introduced the 'Nullification' Doctrine' proclaiming, "the right of any state to overrule or modify ...... any federal government law deemed unconstitutional."
In 1831, over The Nullification Doctrine, The 'First Shot' of the Civil War was fired. On April 13, 1830: President Andrew Jackson, "Our Federal Union: It must be preserved"
Senator John C. Calhoun, " The Union. Next to our Liberties most dear".
With this proclamation, Calhoun thus began the fight for States' Rights.