Do not disagree, but these young people, Generation Alpha, they don't go outside to begin with. So, in some deep irony, once this first group moves to Mars, Musk will have Marslink in place and of course local wifi, and if they want to watch anything live-on-Earth -8 minutes, there will be a fair amount of that.
As someone posted yesterday, equatorial temps can make a run at 70F, it's 'easier' to heat an underground dwelling than to cool it, as underground will seek the equilibrium of the crust/mantle.
And if probes have already found cave systems, the irony of Lascaux reborn with forced-air O2 pressurization? A vast open space with no suits and diamond windows or better ("Provide the formula for transparent aluminum, comput-ah.") to the sun, enhanced to mimic Earth-strength sunlight.
The rest of your concerns are already baked into the Martian cake, with long-term minor-gravity exposure the only one that Musk has only briefly addressed in white papers.
A lot of things can be done - in the looong term and I’d like to live long enough to read about the progress.
Successively larger domed enclousures, strong enough to survive the occasional dust storms, blocking the harmful rays, securing open spaces and heat & air, but allowing for food producing agriculture and livestock. Under and above ground structures for habitats, labs, small factories gathered together and communities connected by suitable roadways for Martian transport.
We’ve all read about the water ice deposits at the poles, ready for collection and use. Air mining for oxygen and trace elements. Conventional mining and processing of the regolith for the raw materials to form products of all sorts.
Somewhere down the line, terraforming efforts such as the proposed or dreamed of drilling of huge holes kilometers deep to release heat from the core of Mars. Mass planting of litchens or any survivable open-air plants that will release oxygen. All good but we’re talking generations.
As far as the people you mentioned - imo, most who would make motivated colonists aren’t the sort we have now that stay glued to a screen all day, need safe spaces, are unsure of what sex they are, have pronoun issues and might know how to use a shovel but would likely not be inclined to do so. Cabin fever would be a real issue.
But all in all, I’m for going. Pre-position the equipment and supplies, load a ship with suitable colonists and everything imaginable and blast off! Eventually, I would imagine the trips would be one way - a sink or swim sutuation.