Not sure I agree with the premise. Amazon AWS services has plenty of scale as do many other private companies. Twitter raised almost $13 billion over many private funding rounds from venture capital firms before going public. That amount of money could have provided them plenty of opportunities to scale. They didn’t start with 200 million users on day one. As it grew it became more attractive to investors.
In 2020 they included a provision for over 1 billion dollars in income taxes, which generated an on-paper loss for the company compared to prior years.