Actually, it doesn’t provide the right. It explicitly prohibits the government (at all levels thanks to the 14th) from infringing on the existing natural right in any way. Full stop.
I agree that "provide" was the wrong word to use. The 2A states: "the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." James Madison, who proposed the 2A, and all those who ratified the Constitution, understood that all the 'rights' in the document come from God - as articulated in the Declaration of Independence.