The pictures I’ve seen have the glass broken outward so it was broken from the inside
There are pieces of glass outside, but the heavy rail is indoors. Broken glass is messy. If one breaks a pane, and then wants to remove pieces to make a big enough hole to reach the door handle, one would (by hand or hammer claw) pull them outward, partly to cut out any more sound and to protect one's hands. IMHO.